Neurologic Complications After Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury is associated with a unique set of neuromedical complications. The complications are due to injury to the brain parenchyma and intracranial and extracranial structures, as well as the effect the neurologic compromise and trauma has on the other organ systems. The complications may be recognized in the acute care setting but may not be recognizable or begin until the patient reaches the inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation setting. Familiarity of the rehabilitation professionals with these complications facilitates early treatment, limiting further risk of morbidity and mortality. This chapter focuses on posttraumatic seizures, hydrocephalus, cranial nerve disorders, visual dysfunction, movement disorders, neurosensory deficits, sleep/wake disorders, and fatigue.