Respiratory failure and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive vasculitis associated with rothia mucilaginosa endovascular infection: A rare case and review of the literature

Infections with Rothia mucilaginosa are unusual in immunocompetent hosts and have not been associated with vasculitis. We present the first report of an endovascular pacemaker wire infection with R. mucilaginosa causing respiratory failure due to atypical antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, a brief overview of the clinical spectrum of infection with this unusual pathogen, and review the implications of a positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in the setting of endovascular infection.